The 21st century will be the era of bioeconomy. Biosensors, as one of the support and key equipment of biotechnology, will inevitably be greatly developed and become a new industry chain in the development of biotechnology. They will be further combined with information technology to develop into digital engineering of biotechnology , The global biosensor is experiencing significant growth.
　　According to a newly released report, the global biosensor market will experience rapid growth in the next 6 years. The market value of this market in 2014 will be US$12.9 billion, and it will reach US$22.5 billion by 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.7%. Geographically, North America is the largest market for biosensors in the world, with a market value of US$5.7 billion in 2014 and is expected to reach US$9.5 billion by 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 8.9% during the forecast period. At the same time, due to the continuous expansion of medical insurance penetration rate, the large population base and the continuous upgrading of the health care system, the Asia-Pacific region will become the fastest growing region.

　　Biosensors are blooming everywhere
　　 Biosensor is an instrument that is sensitive to biological substances and converts its concentration into electrical signals for detection. At present, biosensors have been widely used in wearable sports equipment, medical fields, food industry, environmental monitoring and detection, etc.
　　 In terms of wearable sports equipment, this type of sensor can not only help people correct exercise postures, record exercise results, but also fully capture information during exercise, and analyze the physical reactions of different people in different exercises, so as to facilitate the summary of the law.
　　 Toshiba has released a wearable device Silmee Bar type in Japan. Unlike most manufacturers that focus on smart watches, Toshiba's wearable device is only a niche product, which is said to have built-in biosensors connected to the human body. Toshiba is looking for partners with medical expertise to cooperate. In other words, the Silmee Bar type is probably not a mass consumer product in the end. Most of the target customers are universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises, mainly for testing purposes or scientific research.
In the medical field, a biosensor is a kind of chemical sensor. The core part is a sensitive element based on biologically active units such as cells, microorganisms, tissues, etc. The sensor captures the reaction between the element and the target and uses it. The electrical signal output is widely concerned in the medical field due to its simple operation and less time-consuming advantages.
　　 There are many kinds of biosensors, microbial sensors, enzyme sensors, and genetic sensors. Among them, the genetic sensor is a kind of sensor that has only appeared in recent years, but the technology is advanced, and there are many experts and scholars at home and abroad to study the genetic sensor, and it has become one of the research hotspots.
　　In the food industry, the application of biosensors in food analysis includes the measurement and analysis of food ingredients, food additives, harmful poisons, and food freshness. Food composition analysis: In the food industry, glucose content is an important indicator to measure the ripeness and storage life of fruits. The developed enzyme electrode biosensor can be used to analyze glucose in liquor, apple juice, jam and honey. Analysis of food additives: Sulfite is usually used as a bleaching agent and preservative in the food industry. The current-type sulfur dioxide enzyme electrode made of sulfite oxidase as a sensitive material can be used to determine the sulfite content in food. In addition, biosensors are also used to measure pigments and emulsifiers.
　　In terms of environmental monitoring and detection, in recent years, the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious. People are eager to have an instrument that can continuously, quickly and online monitor pollutants. Biosensors meet people's requirements. At present, a considerable part of biosensors have been used in environmental monitoring.
　　 Atmospheric environment monitoring. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the main cause of acid rain and acid fog. The traditional detection method is very complicated. Marty et al. immobilized subcellular lipids on a cellulose acetate membrane and made an amperometric biosensor with an oxygen electrode to detect the acid rain and acid mist sample solution.
In industry, we know that in the original production process of human beings, relying on the perception and recognition of the surrounding environment by the human five senses can basically meet the production requirements. However, in the industrial revolution, facing various harsh environments or high temperature, high pressure, and toxic environments, Far from meeting the requirements. Therefore, various sensor applications serving modern industries are showing their talents. For example, corresponding to the facial features of natural persons, the same high-precision sensor has been successfully developed. The vision sensor has the ability to capture millions of pixels of light from an entire image and can communicate at a higher rate. Similarly, the fine observation of sound, vibration, etc. by industrial sensors has already moved towards higher precision, providing more prerequisites for people to obtain information and discover problems in time in the industrial manufacturing process.
　　In the fermentation industry, among various biosensors, microbial sensors have the characteristics of low cost, simple equipment, not limited by the turbidity of the fermentation broth, and may eliminate the interference of interfering substances in the fermentation process. Therefore, microbial sensors are widely used as an effective measurement tool in the fermentation industry.
　　 Microbial sensors can be used to measure raw materials and metabolites in the fermentation industry. In addition, it is also used to determine the number of microbial cells. The use of this electrochemical microbial cell count sensor can realize continuous and online measurement of the bacterial cell concentration.

　　 China's biosensor technology progress
Biosensor research in China began in the early 1980s. The scientific research institutions engaged in biosensor research include the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, East China University of Science and Technology, and Shandong Academy of Sciences. Research institutes and other units, until today, these units are still carrying out innovative research and development in the field of biosensors.
Although my country is a big country in the research of biosensing technology, its industrialization is developing slowly. In 2012, the global biosensor market sales exceeded 10 billion U.S. dollars and is expected to reach 22.5 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. However, my country's biosensor products currently account for less than the international market share 10%.
　　 Shandong, China has made great achievements in biosensor research, and is at the leading level in China. It is reported that Shandong Academy of Sciences is the only scientific research unit in my country to realize the industrial application of biosensors. It has successively developed a variety of biochemical analysis sensors such as glucose, reducing sugar, and lactic acid. The products account for more than 95% of the domestic market. It is widely used in scientific research and industrial fields such as medicine, breaking through the backward situation of traditional production processes relying only on physical and chemical sensors, breaking the foreign technology blockade, and providing advanced technical support for the process control of my country's biological industry.
At present, the widespread application of biosensors is still facing some difficulties. In the future, the research work of biosensors will mainly focus on selecting biosensing elements with strong activity and high selectivity; increasing the service life of signal detectors; improving signal conversion The service life of the sensor; the stability of the biological response and the miniaturization and portability of the biological sensor.